Glossary
W
Wassenaar Arrangement
- Description: An international export control regime that promotes transparency and responsibility in transfers of conventional arms and dual-use goods and technologies.
- Enacted and Enforced: Established in 1996; enforced by participating countries through national laws and regulations.
- Impacts Data Types: Controls on technology and software exports, including encryption technologies.
- Examples: Restrictions on exporting certain cryptographic software to non-member countries.
- Potential Fines: Penalties vary by country; can include fines, export bans, and criminal charges.
Wire Fraud
- Description: A federal crime involving the use of electronic communications to carry out a scheme to defraud or obtain money or property under false pretenses.
- Enacted and Enforced: Enacted under 18 U.S.C. § 1343; enforced by federal law enforcement agencies like the FBI.
- Impacts Data Types: Personal and financial information used in fraudulent schemes.
- Examples: Phishing emails, fraudulent wire transfers, identity theft schemes.
- Potential Fines: Significant fines and imprisonment; fines can exceed $250,000 per offense.
Workforce Privacy
- Description: Policies and practices that protect the personal data and privacy rights of employees and contractors within an organization.
- Enacted and Enforced: Governed by laws such as GDPR, CCPA, and various labor regulations; enforced by data protection authorities and labor boards.
- Impacts Data Types: Employee personal data, health information, performance data.
- Examples: Monitoring policies, consent for data collection, secure handling of HR records.
- Potential Fines: Penalties for non-compliance can include fines, legal action, and reputational damage.